English-to-Greek Drill module (by units)
(html/javascript version)

Mode: unicode input from keyboard

Settings | Multiple Answers | Difficulty Levels

This module provides drill in the composing Greek declensional and conjugational forms, such as is found in the exercises of many Units from Unit 3 on. The items presented for each unit are generally half from the corresponding printed exercise and half different from those in the printed exercise. This drill has the added value of the ability to display the paradigm relevant to the form asked for. Ability to display dictionary information for the word is also present.

In the Unicode input version of the module, you must not only have a Unicode polytonic Greek font installed to see the paradigms or the dictionary info when you use the appropriate button, but also have a method of typing polytonic Unicode Greek from the keyboard. This is not possible with all browsers. In Windows 2000 or XP use Firefox or the latest version of Internet Explorer and a unicode input (a good free input is Sibylla; for links to this and other possibilities, see the GreekKeys help site). For Mac OS X version 10.2 or higher, use any modern browser (not Internet Explorer), and the GreekKeys Unicode input (not free; but there is a free polytonic input provided by Apple in OS 10.4.0 and higher).

In the left panel are the settings for the drill (so far only one is available).

Drill for Unit: the numbers from 3 to 42 correspond to Units in the book. Making a selection resets the drill set to the selected unit.

In the upper frame, there is a selection item that allows you to move to a other forms of the drill that do not require a font and keyboard input for operation.

Operation of the drill: Select a unit and click on START. Then type your answer in the field. When you have finished your answer, type RETURN, ENTER, or TAB, or click on the CHECK ANSWER button. If your answer is not correct, the feedback field will give guidance as to what is wrong. The programs recognizes when you have used the correct vowel but the wrong diacritic. (It does not yet tell you that you have the correct vowel but have wrongly omitted or included teh subscript iota).

If you want to try again, replace the erroneous characters and submit your answer (RETURN, ENTER, or TAB, or the button RECHECK ANSWER. At any time, you can also click on "Show Answer".

Click on the NEXT button to move on to the next word.

The program does not recognize alternative forms with nu movable. Always omit optional nu when you enter an answer.

Additional information: The dictionary info button opens a small window containing the dictionary information for the Greek word, which may be used as a hint. The paradigm button opens the Paradigms module in a separate screen and loads the particular paradigm that illustrates the current form. These too use the same Unicode fonts used in this module.

MULTIPLE ANSWERS

A hint will often be given when multiple answers are possible. For instance, "short" or "long" indicate that the shorter or longer of two possible forms is wanted; or the root of the verb may be given, as in "throw (bal-)" as opposed to "throw (rip-). If no hint is given, the shorter form is usually the one expected first; thus for echo the future hexo before the future scheso.

DIFFICULTY LEVELS

The data set allows classification of each form by its difficulty level, based on its position in the sequence of learning in the book. Here is a listing of the difficulty levels:

NOUN/ADJECTIVE DECLENSION
3 o-declension
4 a-declension long-vowel feminine
5 a-declension short-vowel and masculine
6 article
7 vowel decl. adjectives with 3 endings
9 vowel decl. adjectives with 2 endings
12 relative pronoun
13 demonstratives
14 consonant declension: plosive stems
15 consonant declension: liquid, nasal, irregular rho stems, sigma stems; interrogative tis
17 indefinite tis
21 consonant declension: i and u stems, eu, au, ou stems; irregular (gunh, xeir, uios; pronoun autos
22 consonant adjectives; personal pronouns
25 adjectives polus, megas; numerals 1-4, oudeis, mhdeis; reflexive pronouns, reciprocal pronoun
30 comparatives in -wn, -iwn
33 indirect interrogative/indefinite relative
36 toioutos, tosoutos
42 contract and Attic declension and declension with omega

VERBAL CONJUGATION
8 omega-verbs present active indication
9 omega-verbs present active infinitive
10 present indicative and infinitive of eimi (be)
11 omega-verbs present middle-passive indicative and infinitive
13 e-contract-verbs present indicative and infinitive (active and m/p)
16 omega-verbs and e-contract-verbs imperfect (active and m/p), and imperfect of eimi
18 omega-futures and e-contract-futures (indicative and infinitive, active and middle), and future of eimi
19 strong and weak aorists active and middle indicative and infinitive
20 present and imperfect of fhmi
23 mi-verb present indicative, infinitive, imperfect (active and m/p)
24 mi-verb aorist indicative and infinitive (active and middle)
26 participles except a-contract or o-contract present, aorist passive, and perfect active and m/p
28 oida
29 a-contract and o-contract verbs present indicative, infinitive, participle and imperfect; future with a-contraction
31 subjunctive except perfect
32 omega-verb and mi-verb optative except perfect
33 present optative of contract verbs; future optative of e-contract and a-contract type
35 all aorist passive and future passive except imperative
37 all perfects except imperative
40 all imperatives
41 pluperfect and future perfect, and athematic perfect